During the period from January 1, 1989 to December 31, 1993, 75 cases diagnosed and treated for placenta previa among total deliveries of 5,818 in Maryknoll Hospital were reviewed.
The incidence of placenta pravia was 1: 77.6 deliveries(1.3%) and the types of placenta previa included 31 cases of totalis(41.3%), 25 cases of low lying placenta(33.3%), 11 cases of low lying placenta(33.3%), 11 cases of marginalis(14.7%), and 8
cases
of partialis(10.7%). Multiparity(70.7%: 29.3%) and prior induced abortion(70.7%:29.3%) increased the risk of placenta previa. The firs episode of vaginal bleeding occurred after 29 weeks in 51 cases(68%). The first episode of vaginal bleeding
occurred
66 cases of vertex(88.0%), 5 cases of breech(6.7%), and cases of transverse lie(5.3%0, and the method of delivery included 5 cases of vaginal delivery(6.7%), 64 cases of cearean section(85.3%), and 6 cases of cesarean hysterectomy(8.0%). Blood
loss at
delivery was over 500mls in 61 cases(81.3%) and blood transfusion needed in 44 cases(58.7%).
The perinatal mortality rate was 66.7 per 1000 births, and preterm delivery occurred in 30 cases(40%), LBW baby was born in 12 cases(16%).
In 22 cases(29.3%), there were maternal complications including placenta accreta, placenta increta, placenta percreta, puerperal fever, wound infection, preeclampsia, hypovolemic shock, and placental abruption.
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